// Example 2-1 How is a 2D array stored in memory?

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    // declare and initialize a two dimensional array
    int a[3][4] = {{1,2,3,4},{5,6,7,8},{9,10,11,12}};

    // print the array elements
    for (int row = 0; row < 3; row++)
    {
        for (int col = 0; col < 4; col ++)
        {
            cout << setw(10) << a[row][col];
        }
        cout << endl;
    }
    cout << endl;

    // print the addresses of the array elements
    for (int row = 0; row < 3; row++)
    {
        for (int col = 0; col < 4; col ++)
        {
            cout << setw(10) << &(a[row][col]);
        }
        cout << endl;
    }
    cout << endl;

    // print the addresses of the array elements as decimal numbers
    for (int row = 0; row < 3; row++)
    {
        for (int col = 0; col < 4; col ++)
        {
            cout << setw(10) << reinterpret_cast<long long>(&(a[row][col]));
        }
        cout << endl;
    }
    cout << endl;

    // print the address of the array and of each row
    cout << "Address of a = " << &a << endl;
    cout << "Address of the first row = " << &a[0] << endl;
    cout << "Address of the second row = " << &a[1] << endl;
    cout << "Address of the third row = " << &a[2] << endl;
}